The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act An...

Obamacare The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (a.k.a. Obamacare) was signed into law on March 23, 2010, and generated much controversy as a regard of the effects that people believed it was going to have on the U.S. The media world has gotten actively involved in discussing the act and while some support its principal ideas, others lobby with regard to how it is going to seriously destabilize the health care system. From an act meant to guarantee that more people in the U.S. have access to health care, the Obamacare act has grown into a topic that created a series of disputes and that even emphasized a Republican attempt to shut down the Government in order to block the act. While the act initially seemed to generate very little confusion, it gradually developed into a country-wide dispute with a large segment of the media denouncing its status. Articles like Republicans argue for extending Obamacare delay, Nick Wings A Year After Supreme Court Ruling, Obamacare Is Still Constitutional, Nation Still Hasnt Imploded, and Paul Krugmans The Obamacare Shock all discuss about the negative aspects of the act. It seems that a simple Google search generates results that are generally against the act. The first article emphasizes that the act is probable to have a negative effect on job creation, as employers will feel that it is important for them to keep the number of their employees under 50 in order to avoid having to pay health care insurance. Even withShow MoreRelatedThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act3146 Words   |  13 PagesOn March 23, 2010, President Barak Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (commonly known as the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or â€Å"ObamaCare†) into law, and on June 28, 2012, the United States Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the ACA and its different mandates. The Affordable Care Act seeks to lower the cost of health insurance in America while also increasing its quality by using consumer safeguards, regulations, taxes, subsidies, and other reforms. Many observationsRead MoreI Love Reading Essay69689 Words   |  279 Pages3-5 where he extols Jugaad as ‘innovation†¦a survival tool for Indians, where every obstacle became an opportunity’; also for a general overview of India’s historical tradition of dialogue on matters beyond the speculative, see Amartya Sen, ‘The Argumentative Indian’, 2005. 16 See Abhishek Goel et al, supra note 3 as above. 9 10 Introduction: Why Entrepreneurship 3 The software industry, in particular, its initial growth arising largely out of the ‘interstices inadvertently left untouched byRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesThe LIS Education and Human Resource Utilization Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 The Organizational Framework for Staffing . . . . . . . . . 216 Job Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Job Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Job Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 Recruitment and Hiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Filling Vacant PositionsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesAttractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 3 0 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for Review 32 ExperientialRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagespublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or onRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics

Key Aspects Of The Canadian Health Care System - 1221 Words

Sawa Tayeb Health management: Overcrowded Hospitals Student number: 212439774 Instructor: Professor Kenneth Lam Course: HH/HLST 1010 3.0, Section M Date: February 8, 2016 Key aspects of the Canadian health care system Canada is known for its universal health care system. Health care services across Canada are financed by the government and follows the guidelines of the Canada Health Act (1984) Which states: â€Å" to protect, promote, and restore the physical and mental well being of residents of Canada and to facilitate reasonable access to health services without financial or other barriers†. The Canada health act includes medically necessary hospital diagnostic and access to a physician. Further more portability between†¦show more content†¦(CITE) Despite its success the Canadian health care system has some concerns associated with it and It is important for policy makers, and the health management sector to address these issues and provide solutions for them. Health management is a complex social goal, and a major initiative in Canada, which is heavily relied on the public sector. One of the major issues the health care system is currently facing the over crowded emergency de partments and extremely long waiting times. . In this paper I will discuss the issue of overcrowded hospitals as a results of the rising population of the elderly. Many of our hospitals are over crowned, there are long waiting time, and the elderly are not provided with sufficient care. Overcrowding will place an increasing amount of burden on the hospital by delaying testing and diagnosis times, creating a shortage of nurses and doctors, and it may also have a negative impact on the financial state of the hospital. Why is it an Issue? According to statistic Canada their will be a dramatic change in the senior population in Canada, this mean that the entire baby boomer generation will become part of Canada’s senior population which is those aged above 65. Furthermore in 2010 statistics Canada reported that by the year 2036 the seniors population will increase to about 23-25%. This change in the aging population of Canada has a huge impact on the health care services. Many seniors require regular access to health care

Immigrants Contribution in USA Development Essay Example For Students

Immigrants Contribution in USA Development Essay Running head:IMMIGRANTS CONTRIBUTION INImmigrants ContributionIn USA DevelopmentNick GaaerABC UniversityImmigrants Contribution In USA DevelopmentAs we all know that USA is a country build by immigrants from all over the world, particularly from Europe and South America. During the Second World War most of the scientist from Germany and Europe settled in U.S.A. Again in the early seventies and eighties, a large number of young people entered USA as students and thereafter legally got the immigration through sponsorship of spouse, relatives and employers, Most of these immigrants after settling in USA not only contributed in the growth of economy but also were instrumental in developing the high technology for which America today is famous. Much of the technical and cultural innovation that has come out of the USA would not have been possible without the contribution of German immigrants, whose influence on the USA began in the 1600s. (German Contribution http://www.mckinnonsc.vic.edu.au/la/lote/german/mckinnon/earlyger-usa.htm). Since eighties, due to socio-economic and political problems in the third world countries, millions of people from these underdeveloped and poor countries flooded USA either as legal, refugees, asylum seekers or illegal looking for green Pasteur and better opportunities for themselves and their families (as USA had a very high economic growth in the world). Later on, they were given legality either through amnesty schemes or sponsorship. We, the Americans, had a very negative perception of the immigrants. According to 1994 Newsweek survey; 50 percent of the people agreed that immigrants are burden, because they take up their jobs, housing and health care. We frequently complain that the country is flooded with uneducated immigrants. They take over, impose their culture and do not even try to assimilate. Everyone agreed that we must police our borders to curb illegal immigrants. Pat Buchanan, 1996 presidential candidate, wanted to declare moratorium on all immigration. Republican Senator Alan Simpson even sponsored the bill to reduce the number of legally entered immigrants from 675,000 annually to 540,000. There is a myth that the immigrants occupy jobs leaving only a few for others. The fact is that the immigrants contribute in making more new jobs by spending their money on the output of other workers. Then there is a hard fact, which we all should accept. We, the Americans, would not accept those jobs that the immigrants accept. If we look at the meatpacking job, it is the most hazardous job in the United States. A native born American would never do this job. In sharp contrast to the rhetoric that feed on misinformation, evidence shows that the problems attributed are false or greatly exaggerated. In reality immigrants today contribute positively to the development in USA. The proportion of educated new immigrants has increased. A large number of the engineering doctorates are foreign-born professionals, who have contributed in the development of high technology such as telecommunications, biotechnology, chemicals and computers. There are countless firms in the USA in the ever-growing Information Technology (IT) / Computer industry which would have gone out of business without immigrants. Andy Grove the CEO of Intel, the leading IT Company, was from Hungary. Half of the 800,000 garment workers are immigrants, part of the $120-billion industry. Without them the industry had to be shifted overseas. Language has been the key issue for assimilation. Self-interest impels most of them to learn English quickly. Even though majority of immigrants do not speak English when they arrive, however, they learn very quickly as they realize that learning is key to their economic success. Not all politicians have jumped the anti immigration bandwagon. Many including House majority leader Dick Army (Republican. Texas), Sen. Joe Lieberman (Democrat. Conn.) and Gov. George Pataki (Republican, N.Y.) understands that United States gains with the entry of legal immigrations. .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 , .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .postImageUrl , .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 , .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53:hover , .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53:visited , .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53:active { border:0!important; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53:active , .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53 .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0516ada68d347c360603c7c4bdc08d53:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Clear Message of The Bluest Eye Bluest Eye Ess EssayAccording to Sen. Spencer Abraham, (Republican, Michigan), the door should not be shut to people yearning to be free and to build a better life for themselves and their families. As the International Immigrants Foundation, USA puts itLike the men and women of past generations, todays immigrants provide the endless flow of talents, initiative, ideals, and creative abilities that enrich and strengthen the fabric of American society. These newcomers represent more than a continuation of Americas tradition as a nation of immigrants; more than a reinvigoration of that extraordinary diversity that gives us our national identity and distinguishes American culture from all others; more than a symbol of the enduring power of the founding principles of equality, life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. We strongly believe that todays immigrants are a vivid expression of Americas spiritual destiny to pave the way for the emergence of a global culture..a goal animated by a deep humanitarianism and compassion for the needs of others and inspired by our Founding Fathers ideal of unity in diversity. ConclusionThe above facts and figures conclude that Immigrants in USA are neither a burden to their economy nor are stealing jobs of the deserving USA citizens. However the fact remains that Immigrants in USA have always shared their best in the ongoing development of USA whether in terms of Technology, human resource development or in providing quality. If Immigrants were not contributing their share, America would not have been what it is today. ReferencesInternational Immigrants Foundation. Retrieved from the World Wide Web:http://www.10.org/IIF-tear.aspGerman Contribution to the Early History of the USA. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.mckinnonsc.vic.edu.au/la/lote/german/mckinnon/earlyger-usa.htmWords/ Pages : 881 / 24

The US Midterm Elections in the Light of the Tea Party

Since the midterm elections which have recently been on the agenda of the United States political life and were promising numerous on-coming changes, it is reasonable to consider the facts which have influenced the result of the elections.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The US Midterm Elections in the Light of the Tea Party specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The influence of the Tea Party which was supporting the Republicans throughout the elections caused the victory of the latter and their obtaining the majority in the House of Representatives. There are certain reasons fro such influence of the Tea Party in the American Parliament, which is going to be the issue of the given research work. However, it cannot be denied that the changes in the mood of the society could be traced and the outcome of the elections could be predicted with more or less strong certainty. The growing influence of the Republicans co uld not be passed unnoticed, for they were persistent in their attempts to change the existing state of affairs. Amos (2010) claims that By the end of January 2010, the mood had undergone a complete reversal. It was the liberal/socialist in complete disarray. This happened not because of Republican leadership but, it could be argued, as a direct result of Republican hierarchy being in shambles. The people demanded to be heard. Grassroots organizations, led by the Tea Party patriots, would not be silenced and would not allow politicians, or either party, to diminish our inalienable rights or destroy the Constitution of the United States. (p. 80) Regarding the growing influence of the Tea Party movement in the United States, the results of the Midterm elections which have been recently held could be predicted with considerable certainty, since the moods in the government showed clearly that the president and the parliament were aimed at restoring their influence and the reinforcement of the economical position of the country in the world market, as well as strengthening the position of the country in the world politics. To clarify the issues of the political situation in the United States, it must be explained what a Tea Party is. Since hardly anyone can explain the reasons for the political movement better than its representatives, it would be better to address one of the members of the party to have a better understanding of the subject. Amos (2010) explains the ideas and the views of a Tea Party in the following manner: People who are superficially aware of The Tea Party Patriots, think that we are only â€Å"anti-Obama administration†. No one can pretend to speak for all of the numerous Tea Party groups around the nation, let alone our (15 million or so) members. But the following is fundamental to all of us. We believe in fiscal responsibility, limited government, free markets, respect for our Constitution and the Bill of Rights and a government that answers to the people. (81)Advertising Looking for term paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such statement can mean only that the Tea Party aims at changing Barak Obama’s policy according to their own understanding of the home policy. Aiming at changing the current policy pursued by Obama, the new movement proved to be bordering with extremism, which cannot be used as a good mark for the Tea Party movement. However, in spite of the explicit extremism moves which were undertaken by the Tea Party, it still maintains a good reputation with the population of the United States and its authority does not seem to diminish. Since the conflict in the government of the United States became even more tense and complicated, there was another party created by the conservative part of the American society who were not willing to change the structure of the government so that more than two parties could be represente d in the parliament. However hard the two parties could oppose each other, sooner or later they will have to face the changes which the government is going to adopt. Whenever the Democrats or the Republicans are going to take their toll on the politics of the United States, there is no doubt that the changes applied will be of crucial importance. And it turned out, the population of the state preferred solid and profound position of the Republicans to the half-baked reasoning of the Democrats. Even with the accusations of racism sounded by Hanks in his project â€Å"The Pacific† (Amos 2010, 91), the Tea Party members managed to maintain that same high level of influence on the population and the government, for the Republicans to win the midterm elections. It could have been that without the support of the Tea Party, the Republicans could have lost the elections to the Democrats. Although the latter did not legitimate the expectations of the parliament and the voters, the pop ulation still could not trust the Republicans and their ideas of the policy that should be conducted. The members of the party were enjoying growing popularity with the citizens of the country. The abovementioned changed the political prognoses in favor of the Tea Party and the ideas which it was promoting, thus, making the way for the Republicans to gain the majority in the parliament. The alternative to the existing foreign and home policy which was spoken about is supposed to come after the midterm elections of 2010. It must be born in mind that the midterm elections should be held to meet the needs which emerge when the new strategy was adopted. Thus, since the USA has been influenced by the unfolding movement of the Tea Party, it was subjected to the necessity to consider the situation from the point of view of the Tea Party and the solutions which it suggests. Different opinions resulted in parliament split, and the Congress was divided in two opposing parts. The situation cou ld not but have its impact on the Midterm Elections as well, and the considerable strain which had been brewing for several months in the governmental sphere finally erupted with the midterm election results in 2010.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The US Midterm Elections in the Light of the Tea Party specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It was assumed before that the midterm elections could result in the non-beneficial way for the United States. The tension which was growing between the opposing forces was supposed to bring the both parties down since the situation came to the boiling point. The Democrats were highly unlikable to obtain the necessary number of votes to represent the parliament. Their struggle was doomed to fail, even if the Tea Party had never started. Having lost the trust of the voters once, they would not have been able to prove their right and gain the majority of voices to join the Parli ament. The tension between the parties resulted in certain problems in holding the midterm elections 2010. As the President’s party, they will obviously face misunderstanding and will not be considered as the optimal candidates to vote for. It was suggested by Adkins that the midterm elections could be harder to hold than they usually do: Colorado’s 4th District is surely near the top of the list of districts that Republicans will be seeking to take back in the 2010 midterm elections. Democrats are liable to face a difficult midterm election nationwide, as the president’s party often does, and the district’s conservative stripes will likely make this a difficult district for the Democrats to defend. (106) The actual result of the midterm elections left much to be desired, since it has shown a sever decline in the economical system of the country and the means of solving economical problems completely out of date and proving to be the worst one throughout the last few decades. (Watts 2010). The decline can be considered the result of the Tea Party influence, which lowered the Democrats’ standing among the voters and led to the crushing defeat of the Democrats in the struggle for the influence in the Parliament. Unless the Tea Party had not interfered in the elections and the political business, the results of the elections could have been absolutely different. Since the Republicans were not taken as a substitute for the Democrats’ ruling, the outcome of the elections could have been different if the Tea Party had not used its growing authority. Such sad results seem to bring the USA back to the critical state of economical depression which the country already suffered, and the external economical reasons for the U. S. to come to another structure of economical policy evident yet extremely undesirable. As Hirsch (2009) claims,Advertising Looking for term paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Tenth years have the worst record within the Decennial Cycle and 2010 is a midterm election year, which has the second worst record of the 4-year presidential election cycle. (129) However, there are the assumptions that the situation is gradually improving due to the actions which were undertaken by the government. The report on the midterm elections has also testified it. It cannot be predicted with certainty that the improvements are going to take place in the on-coming year, but there have been sufficient evidences to hope for the changes. This is what Hirsch also predicts, regarding the statistics of the past few years: However, the 53,8% Dow Jones industrials bear market decline at press time indicates that the piper has been paid. Prospects for a positive 2010, the first positive tenth year since 1980 are improving. (129) Taking the abovementioned into account, one can claim that the economical situation started to regain stability, owing to the Tea Party and its influence on the political system of the USA. It was claimed that the importance of the decision taken during the midterm elections on November 2, 2010 could not be doubted and that it would mark the course of actions of the economical policy for the next several decades. With the Tea Party influence, the victory if the Republicans could be predicted easily. Since the course of actions of the parliament from this time on will depend on the policy of the Republicans, the state is not going to emulate the economic models which are suggested by other countries, thus keeping the democracy principles instead of adopting the ones that are foreign to the American traditions and political life. The new step undertaken by the government will have the effect on the economics without involving the foreign methods to obtain the desirable result. The United States are determined to keep to their line of conduct regardless of the difficulties that they can face. It must be well noted that the continuous deba tes which have been held on the topic of either adopting the new model of economical behavior or its rejection did not favor the complicated situation in the government. The supporters of the new ideas presented a well-supported argument against the methods which were applied by the government, and the state was split in two parties, which would not agree upon a compromising decision. It is necessary to take into consideration that such conflicts have been encountered not once and that it has been not once that an elaborated political strategy was ejected because of the false assumptions and the predictions based on the unverified information. Thus, it is important to keep in mind that the Federal Government was to face the States’ Rights in a heated debate concerning the nation’s profit and the directions in which the further political steps should be made. With the urge to satisfy the needs of the nation, the Fed was opposing the States’ Rights to eliminate fi nancial instability within the country. Since both sides were mostly preoccupied with the influence which they had on the nation and the subject of their argument was the level of influence which each of them was supposed to share, it could be easily predicted that such debates would not lead anywhere. Trying to reconcile the opponents, Vile (2010) suggests the following interpretation of the political events which took place: Many had, of course, left because of business and personal reasons rather than because they disagreed with the way that proceedings were going. Of those who remained, however, Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts, and Edmund Rudolph and George Mason of Virginia refused to sign. Their concerns about states’ rights and the absence of a bill of rights helped fuel the debate that followed as citizens decided whether to accept this new character of government. (111) With such approach, it becomes clear that the debates as for the economical and personal interests bordering with each other had been boiling up for long time before it erupted as the elections of 2010 were held. The role of the governmental influence must not be diminished as well. Such heated were the debates that the result was suffered through a long track of misconception and arguments directed at the existing system of governing the country and managing the parliament affairs. Thus, the country has already seen the problems concerning misconceptions within the country, which must have influenced the outcome of the elections in 2010. In spite of the fact that the government of the USA knows well the price for the wrong step made in the sphere of politics, the aggravation that might occur in case the USA adopted the policy of another states, the result would have been much more disadvantageous in terms of the international and home policy. It must be admitted that the decision taken by the government in November, 2010 was predetermined by the circumstances and was aimed at a chieving better life standards without sacrificing the national ideas to a dubious economic profit. Reflecting on the choice of the parliament during the midterm elections and the prevailing influence of the Tea Party whose arguments have been considered as the starting point for the future changes and economical reforms, the concept of the Constitution interpretation must be also taken into consideration. Since some of the politics tended to adhere to the strict interpretation of the Constitution, while the others tended to consider the Constitutional postulates taking the expansive interpretation as the starting point for their reasoning, the split was inevitable. As Shultz (2005) says, There are different philosophies and approaches to constitutional interpretation. Otherwise, an individual’s nomination and confirmation to the Supreme Court, especially during the 20th century, has been influenced by and concerned with hi or her judicial philosophy of constitutional interpr etation. One philosophy of constitutional interpretation is strict interpretation. A strict interpretation believes in an interpretation of the Constitution in narrow terms. (103) The split of interests caused stir in the parliament and led to the governmental split, which was not to take place again for the sake of the economical and political stability of the country. Since both parties were preoccupied with the division of powers over the nation, they could not focus on the problem which was crucial for the state and the nation: Justice Scalia claims that winning the conflict with secularists requires people of faith to reaffirm the religiosity that is at the soul of the Constitution. Victory also requires people of faith promoting a strict interpretation of the Constitution, where we would all have to accept, as Justice Scalia writes in Herrera v Collins (1993) that â€Å"there is no basis in text, tradition or even in contemporary practice for finding in the Constitution a rig ht to demand judicial consideration of newly discovered evidence of innocence brought forward after conviction†Ã¢â‚¬  (Rodriguez 2010, 98) Thus, the supporters of the strict reading of Constitution agreed upon the fact that, in order to avoid any misinterpretations of the Constitution, its interpretation should be strict and not be subdued to any subjective evaluations. The point on which the supporters of the strict reading of the Constitution elaborated was dictated by the desire to make the state economical and political system stronger and less influenced by the outer negative factors. However, there were also the people who preferred another point of view on the given problem and could not agree upon the strict reading of the Constitution. The advocates of the expansive interpretation of the Constitution argued upon the fact that the law must be turned into the solid piece of justice which their opponents were aiming to make it. On the contrary, the advocates of the exte nsive interpretation suggested that the Constitution must be flexible so that it could meet the needs of every single citizen of the United States. Employed by Brennan, expansive interpretation of the Constitution mean that the latter becomes â€Å"a tool for advancing civil rights and social justice† (Shultz 2005, 53). The last point from which the Tea Party and the Midterm elections are to be viewed from is the opposition of the weak and the strong federation government, which triggered the appearance of the strict interpretation of the Constitution described above. In the times when the government could not suggest strong support for the state and the security of the nation, the strict interpretation of the Constitution would not allow the state to collapse, keeping it together. This situation has been described by numerous authors, and has left a significant trace in the history of the United States: The idea that the Constitution should be supreme in certain matters stem med from widespread dissatisfaction with the weak federal government that has existed previously under the articles of Confederation adopted in 1781. (Schmidt 2009, 530). It must be also kept in mind that the Federal government could not perform all its duties because of the fact that it was shaken to the core with the crisis which was reigning in those times. The very idea that the situation can occur once again must have made the necessary impression on the current American government so that it could allow the Republican Party to be elected and their principles of conducting the political matters should come into force. Although the crisis has been prevented for so many times and the danger was avoided, the American government still remembers the days when the country was extremely weak and could not engage itself either in politics, or economics. The abovementioned meant that the country was lying in the ashes, and only miracle could save it from complete collapse. Since such mi racle occurred, nowadays the governmental bodies are doing their best to prevent such things from happening. Barak Obama and the Cabinet are claiming that they are going to undertake every measure possible in order to take the country to the top of the political and economical flourishing. Still the policy of Obama needs certain corrections, which the new Cabinet is going to provide soon. Since the president and the parliament display an explicit divergence of opinions, three must be a long way ahead for the home and foreign policy improvement, as well as the solution of the current economical problems. It must be well understood that the new laws and amendments to the Constitution are supposed to be aimed at improvements, for the country needs them now as much as ever. With regard to the current to the existing government it should be mentioned that they have already undertaken the steps to take the country to the top of the economic area. The midterm elections which have been rece ntly carried out will help the country head for the changes which will improve the existing state of affairs. As Watts (2010) said, Midterm elections offer a chance to assess the mood of the country and the president’s chance of re-election. They can inspire or demoralize the person in the White House or his would-be challengers. They can be particularly significant during some presidencies. In November 1994, the Republican scored a convincing victory, capturing both chambers of Congress for the first time of so many years and thereby dealing a blow to the future legislative and other prospects of the Clinton presidency. (195) Thus, it would be logical to suggest that the new state of affairs which the midterm elections have set will result in numerous benefits for the country. The improvements are bound to happen soon, since the changes which the Republicans will bring are going to be centered on enhancing the state’s security and economic stability. Although it is im possible to predict for sure now what processes exactly the new policy will trigger, it can be supposed with sufficient certainty that the new government will focus on the national production and will contribute to the development of the country’s economics in order to represent the products in the world market. Otherwise, there will be very little chance for the USA to remain the world leader in economics and trade. Therefore, it is very important for the United States to maintain the process of the economical growth and avoid being misled on the way to the economic hegemony. Reference List Adkins, Randall E. 2010. Cases in Congressional Campaigns: Incumbents  Playing Defense. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis Randall Adkins, a man of great influence in the political and literature circles in the modern world, suggests in his book his own version of what has happened during the midterm elections in 2008 and provides a deep analysis of the current political situation in the United States. He also makes a prognosis concerning the winner of the on-coming elections and gives a deep insight on the main problems which the government may face afterwards. His idea of the midterm elections is that they should be aimed at improving the current political and economical situation, providing stability in the abovementioned spheres and creating the grounds for the future improvements made for the benefit of the country and its citizens. Amos A. G. 2010. American Revolution 2010: A Tea Party: Patriot’s Call to  Arms. Indianapolis, IN: Dog Ear Publishing. Amos suggests a deep analysis of the movement called A Tea Party and considers its further influence on the country and the political stability. He explains where the given movement roots from and clarifies the multiple issues which the Tea Party covers. In spite of the controversy of the topic, Amos manages to give a precise definition of what the Tea party is and what has caused it to emerge. The author d escribes the main events which the Tea Party has triggered and the steps that have been undertaken by its representatives to make changes to the United States and the political structure of the USA. Explaining the factors which underlie the movement, Amos also provides a fair evaluation of the benefits which the party has brought to the country as well as the losses which the party has caused. A deep and thoughtful analysis adds to the overall impression of the book. Court, Jamie. 2010 The Progressive’s Guide to Raise Hell: How to Win  Grassroots Campaign, Pass Ballot Box Laws, and Get the Change We  Voted for – a Direct Democracy Toolkit. White River Jct., VT: Chelsea Green Publishing. A prolific writer and a perfect analytical thinker, Jamie Court helps the readers to understand the processes that have been going on for a long time in the sphere of politics, namely among the Democrats. With genuine humor and sincerity the author explores the difficult relationshi ps within the parliament and among its members, helping the audience to see what is really going on in the sphere of political life of the United States government. Instead of presenting the facts in a dry and boring way, Court makes his audience feel the very essence of the political atmosphere in the U. S. government. The writer depicts the political structure of the country in the most open and clear way, making people feel as if they had seen the processes described on their own. Hirsch, Jeffrey A., Hirsch, Yale. 2009. Stock Trader’s Almanac 2010. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. In spite of the fact that statistics is one of the spheres where most people start feeling uncertain and unsure, Jeffrey Hirsch provides the statistic data in the most precise way. He observes the events in the political life of the United States to make the rest of the people, who do not belong to the governmental structures, see the reports about the most important political and economical ev ents in the country. The graphs which he draws and the schemes depicting the increase or the decrease in a particular sphere of political life of the American society, he does the work of an utter importance. Thus, the statistic records which he has provided his audience with as for the past decade were of extreme importance for the given work, for they made it possible to observe the situation in the economical and political life in the USA with great accuracy. The results of the midterm elections in 2008 and the prognoses for the 2010 were deep and thorough. Rodriguez, A. 2010. Revisioning Diversity in Communication Studies. Leicester: Troubadour Publishing. A man of much influence in the sphere of political life, Rodriguez helps the readers to clarify several issues concerning the different interpretations of the Constitution which have caused a lot of quarrels in the Parliament. The writer gives a deep and precise analysis of the events which have triggered the split in the Parl iament and the reasons for a different understanding of the Constitution by some of the members of parliament. It is impossible to say that Rodriguez supports any of the parties. He gives a precise description of each of the parties, as well as provides the reasons for them to adhere t this very line of conduct, yet the writer stays cool-blooded and does not tend to support any of the opinions suggested. Schmidt, S. W., et al. 2009. American Government and Politics Today. –  Texas Edition, 2009-2010. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. A prolific modern writer, Schmidt has created a work which can be counted for something that the mankind will value for years. A just and fair analysis of the current political situation in the United States is what the author performs in his book. Giving precise characteristics of each and every event concerning the on-coming midterm elections, the author gives a precise characteristic of the processes in the parliament of the United States, as well as the relationship between the members of the parties and the infrastructure of the U. S. government in general. Shedding the light on the most recent events in the political life of the USA, he makes ordinary people see what is going on in the governmental structure and understand the reasons, the prerequisites and the probable results of the events in question. Shultz, D. 2005. Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court. New York, NY: Infobase Publishing. Shultz is a person who can provide the population with the most precise and certain data on the Supreme Court of the United States. Every single bit of information about the above-mentioned establishment will not pass unnoticed by this encyclopedia. Shultz has gathered all the events which have occurred so far in the Supreme Court and has suggested the work of his to the audience. He has unlocked a lot of secrets of the processes which happen in the Supreme Court and has explained the principles on which the Court’s work is b ased. Making the situation even clearer, the author suggests a look on the Constitution and the way it has been considered through the history of the Supreme Court. Clarifying some issues on the split in reading the ideas of the Constitution, he makes the readers see what has been untold for several years running. Vile, J. R. 2010. A Companion to the United States Constitution and Its  Amendments. Santa-Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. Vile is the person who can tell literally everything concerning the USA Constitution and its interpretations through years. He explains numerous things which have been unknown by the ordinary people for quite long and explains the clue issues about the amendments which have been applied to the Constitution. Also considering the results which have been triggered by the above-mentioned amendments, Vile delivers to the readers completely new information and helps them to see the answers to the multiple questions which may arise as they get acquainted with the id eas of the amendments which have been undertaken by the government. What Vile does is providing the link between the government and the citizens of the country, for the latter to be aware of the political changes that occur in the country. Watts, Duncan. 2010. Dictionary of American Government and Politics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. A great politician and a great writer, Watts has suggested a new book to his audience. With his book, Watts has created the missing link between the government and the population, which is supposed to help to solve several problems which have been brewing for long time between the two. Watts has created a sphere of human’s life where people and the government can find a common language. He has explored the issue of the midterm elections and has suggested several predictions on what will follow the midterm elections in 2010, as well as has suggested his ideas about who is going to win in the elections. A genuine style of his allows Wat ts to write about politics in such a way so that every single person could be interested in the suggested object for discussion. His book has helped to discover several important features of the election process in the USA. This term paper on The US Midterm Elections in the Light of the Tea Party was written and submitted by user Arlo J. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

jungle essays

jungle essays The Jungle, written by Upton Sinclair in 1905, the author supports Socialism over Capitalism and used the struggle to keep the house in order to portray the evils of Capitalism on the family and the society in General. The struggle to buy the house and to try keeping it is a symbol of unity in the family represented by the house, which they battle against Capitalism to try to keep it. It takes virtually all their money to get the house, and it will take almost all to keep it. Jurgis worked in Durhams earning about one dollar and nineteen cents a day. The rest of the family worked in other similar jobs to support each other and the house. The industries and bosses who ran them took their toll on what the employees salary would be. This entire Capitalistic environment exploited the worker and used every ounce of the worker just like the pigs in order to help the companies make money. Their constant struggle to work and keep the house was overwhelming and little by little it became more difficult. Here was Durhams, for instance, owned by a man who was trying to make as much money out of it as he could, and did not care in the least how he did it; and underneath him, ranged in ranks and grades like a n army, were managers and superintendents and foremen, each one driving the man below him and trying to squeeze out of him as much work as possible.(63) Socialism is always a win-win situation for everyone in which the community help amongst each other. Whereas in Capitalism, the rich get richer and the poor get poorer, and the rich manipulate the hard working men to their benefit. The hours worked were inflexible and not safe. Workers would be rushed to work faster increasing the chance of an accident to occur. The working conditions were unsanitary, dreadful, and dangerous. Even kids under the age of sixteen had to work to help the family. Basically, being a decent working person at that time was not enoug ...

Hydroponics essays

Hydroponics essays Growing plants hydroponically is the method of growing plants in chemical solutions opposed to the traditional style of growing plants in soil. With the continual increase of industrialised society, large farm are becoming drastically less common and growing plants hydroponically is fast becoming one of the most popular methods of farming. When growing plants hydroponically they are easily monitored and any nutrition lacking can be seen and immediately added. In this experiment tomato plants were grown in several different solutions over a four week period in order to determine what nutrients plans need and why. There were nice different chemical solutions, these were Iron, -Magnesium, -Calcium, -Potassium, -Phosphorus, -Nitrogen and sulphur. Full nutrients and distilled water were also used to contrast the extremities of all nutrients and no nutrients. It is known that plants with an iron deficiency commonly have small leaves that do not remain green. These characteristics were apparent in the plants viewed as they had small yellow leaves. The plant in general looked considerably healthy with plant roots and stems reaching average lengths. The common trend of plants lacking sulphur is purple veins of lower leaf surfaces and petioles are commonly more vertical. These same results were apparent in the plants viewed however these characteristics did not appear until week four when the stems began to show a purple colour and the plants leafs strangely appeared to grow vertically up. The reason it did not show these characteristics until week four may have been because the plants had retained a fair amount of sulphur when originally in the soil to not become sulphur deficient immediately. Throughout the duration of the experiment sulphur deficient plants were considerably larger then most of the other plants viewed. ...

Apply one Leadership Theory to an organization's leadership failure Essay

Apply one Leadership Theory to an organization's leadership failure - Essay Example l leadership can be understood by an in depth study of a recent case of planned closure of Toyota operation in Australia by 2017 (Toyota to stop making cars in Australia, follows Ford and Holden). The unionized workforce was blamed for the issue raised in the organization. There existed a grievance between the labor union and management, not which again is a result of organizational leadership failure. The failure of self leadership among the employees of the firm irrespective of their position in the firm happens to be one of the major reasons of closure of a business (Yukl, 2007). An organizations rationale and goals can be explained in countless ways consisting a firm’s mission, vision, stratagem, goals, tactics and errands. The objective of this report is to carry out an in depth analysis of what are the reasons behind the failure of organizational leadership through a case study. Many successful organizations crash in presence of dysfunctional leaders in an organization. Moreover, the issue is not considered to be problematic. The people in position of leadership can be seen as risk managers other than leaders. When leaders turn to taskmasters and instead of surrendering they are yearning to become control freaks then they gradually fail to motivate and encourage their co workers. In addition they fail to lead their co workers (Bayode, 2008). The signs of leadership malfunction are quite effortless to find out if one has open eyes towards the arising problem of an organization. Employees have a perception that they are valued less and also are not considered to be trustworthy. The companies nowadays are engaged in methodically assassinating leadership by lime lighting towards the risk management other than leadership development. The process is considered to be much more imperative than the workforce of an organization. When performance is valued less and th e potential is considered to be superior and when independent thinking lays at the backseat

Foundation of Organisation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Foundation of Organisation - Coursework Example One major problem that arises due to first growth is poor coordination. With a huge workforce working for the organization and a lot of resources being utilised to ensure high productivity, there are high chances of poor coordination setting in. Although the company might record increased sales, this does not automatically mean that the company is becoming more profitable. The organization may in fact be spending more to achieve less. In this respect, there are chances that lack of proper coordination could lead to cash flow shortages, which at first may be subtle and easy to ignore but with time, expenses will start exceeding revenues at a higher pace with each new month of business growth.   Under this circumstance, the company then begins to haemorrhage and becomes less profitable. Although hiring more employees results in increased production, it could negatively affect its performance. This is mainly because as the number of employees increases, the company and its principles begin to loose touch with the key employees, most of whom are more experienced, well trained and are more depended on by the company. Such employees will suffer greatly from loss of job satisfaction, become demotivated and could even quit the company. Having many employees could also lead to unproductive divisions that could strain its profitability and performance. As they try to control increased business activities and increased employee base, the management could lose track of the business functions that are more essential and this directly impairs its performance. The other potential problem that fast growing firms could encounter as they grow is lack of proper business planning. This problem mainly arises because the decision to expand in such companies is driven by the desire for personal/company satisfaction and the need to take advantage of available business opportunities instead of economic analysis, market studies and sound financial evaluation. As a result of this, the management of the company will end up creating for themselves a challenge beyond their capability and experience. Because of the improper motivations, such firms end up making rash decisions and developing projects or buy machinery that may not necessarily increase the profitability and performance of the company. Such projects or machinery could block the ability of the company to develop more appropriate projects or purchase more effective machinery due to incompatibility with the rashly established projects or acquired machinery. It could even lead to incompletion of these projects due to the problem of underfunding and this will have used funds for setting up more appropriate projects. Question 2: Solutions Solutions to loss of clear insight into the performance of the business and its profitability The company’s management must ensure that all its undertakings aim at supporting the core activities of the business. This means that the company must ensure that all the acti vities of various functions are properly coordinated. Good governance also plays a great role in the success of companies experiencing fast growth. The management of the organization should see to it that good decisions are made and that policies created by management apply throughout the organization. The company should limit all new projects to those it has the capacity and experience of handling. If not, it should hire people who are experienced and competent enough to handle such projects. This solution is crucial in

Marketing Segmentation Essay Example for Free

Marketing Segmentation Essay

Othellos Tragic Flaw Essay -- essays research papers

Of Shakespeare’s five greatest tragedies, Othello is by far the most passionate and gripping. It is a tale of love, deception, evil, honesty, and virtue. Othello himself is set apart from other Shakespearean tragic heroes by the absolute feeling of affection the audience feels for him even unto the very end of the play. Any discerning reader painfully recognizes the virtue and goodness of Othello throughout the entire play, in contrast to the general degeneration of character so typical of a tragic hero. It is this complete pity that makes the death of Othello so tragic as the audience lends their full hopeful support until the inevitable and unavoidable fall. The evil side of Othello’s tragic flaw came from without, in the form of Iago. The internal flaw exists only in his heartrendingly unshakable goodness and honor. One of the first impressions gained of Othello is that he is a great war hero. Before much else is said of him, tales of his skill and valor in battle are illustrated and he is shown to be a great and famed warrior. He naturally possesses many attributes typically associated with soldiers. From the beginning Othello is noble, quick to act, judicious, trusting, and gives much weight to the importance of duty. These are all traits that serve to make him great at the beginning of the play, and later, ironically become key elements in his downfall. These aspects can be considered the internal causes of Othello’s tragic flaw. â€Å"Othello's nature is all of one piece. His trust, where he trusts, is absolute†¦. Love, if he loves, must be to him the heaven where either he must leave or bear no life. If such a passion as jealousy seizes him, it will swell into a well-night incontrollable flood.† Othello is pure an... ...conduct the night of the wedding feast. Othello is one who believes in justice and fairness and will make no exception, even for the love of his life. Ultimately, he murders her because he is, â€Å"One that loved not wisely but too well.† (V, ii, 398) This, above all, gives the play its powerful end. Othello’s true flaw is not vile, destructive jealousy, but rather pure and prevailing love. He has a very strong character of virtue and nobility that is intact up to the horrid end. Iago’s deceit and trickery are more the cause of Othello’s tragic fall than any fault of Othello himself. This innocence and greatness of the tragic hero unequaled in any other Shakespearean tragedy is what gives the play its terrible irony and passion. Othello plays on the most powerful of all human emotions: faith and love, both embodied to the fullest in the great and honest Othello. Othello's Tragic Flaw Essay -- essays research papers Of Shakespeare’s five greatest tragedies, Othello is by far the most passionate and gripping. It is a tale of love, deception, evil, honesty, and virtue. Othello himself is set apart from other Shakespearean tragic heroes by the absolute feeling of affection the audience feels for him even unto the very end of the play. Any discerning reader painfully recognizes the virtue and goodness of Othello throughout the entire play, in contrast to the general degeneration of character so typical of a tragic hero. It is this complete pity that makes the death of Othello so tragic as the audience lends their full hopeful support until the inevitable and unavoidable fall. The evil side of Othello’s tragic flaw came from without, in the form of Iago. The internal flaw exists only in his heartrendingly unshakable goodness and honor. One of the first impressions gained of Othello is that he is a great war hero. Before much else is said of him, tales of his skill and valor in battle are illustrated and he is shown to be a great and famed warrior. He naturally possesses many attributes typically associated with soldiers. From the beginning Othello is noble, quick to act, judicious, trusting, and gives much weight to the importance of duty. These are all traits that serve to make him great at the beginning of the play, and later, ironically become key elements in his downfall. These aspects can be considered the internal causes of Othello’s tragic flaw. â€Å"Othello's nature is all of one piece. His trust, where he trusts, is absolute†¦. Love, if he loves, must be to him the heaven where either he must leave or bear no life. If such a passion as jealousy seizes him, it will swell into a well-night incontrollable flood.† Othello is pure an... ...conduct the night of the wedding feast. Othello is one who believes in justice and fairness and will make no exception, even for the love of his life. Ultimately, he murders her because he is, â€Å"One that loved not wisely but too well.† (V, ii, 398) This, above all, gives the play its powerful end. Othello’s true flaw is not vile, destructive jealousy, but rather pure and prevailing love. He has a very strong character of virtue and nobility that is intact up to the horrid end. Iago’s deceit and trickery are more the cause of Othello’s tragic fall than any fault of Othello himself. This innocence and greatness of the tragic hero unequaled in any other Shakespearean tragedy is what gives the play its terrible irony and passion. Othello plays on the most powerful of all human emotions: faith and love, both embodied to the fullest in the great and honest Othello.

Evaluation of Strategic Marketing Models in Fashion Industry Essay

Introduction Fashion essentially involves change, defined as a succession of short term trends or fad and the very nature of fashion, where change is intrinsic, gives different emphasis to marketing activities (Eeasey, 1994). Furthermore, process research, according to Pettigrew (1992), in strategic management is paradigmatically diverse and empirically complex. Therefore, analysis of process model of strategy specific attention should be paid in fashion industry. Since it is significant without any doubt for a fashion company to choose the proper model to complement marketing strategy, evaluation of strategy process model could be essential. This essay attempts to evaluate Johnson & Scholes’ traditional model and Hill & Jones’ model in fashion industry by analysing and comparing these two models via a few cases of fashion companies. By virtue of making a case study of a listed company, Metersbonwe Group, analyzing its strategy it could have an evaluation of Johnson & Scholesâ€℠¢ traditional model while the â€Å"Bravo† of Burberry would illustrate advantages of Hill & Jones’ model despite of certain limitations. Evaluation of Strategic Marketing Models in Fashion Industry Overview of Models ââ€" Exploring Corporate Strategy model (Johnson and Scholes, 1999) The exhibit above indicates the three main processes in a linear sequence: understanding the strategic position; strategic choice; turning strategy into action (Johnson and Scholes, 1999). Johnson and Scholes (1999) pointed that each process is supposed to be regarded as closely associated, and none has priority over another process realistically for these three processes are interrelated and interconnected  in circles. In Exploring Corporate Strategy model, according to the Johnson and Scholes (1999), strategic position means that strategic analysis and understanding of the impact on strategy of the external environment, an organisation’s capability (resources and  competences) and the expectations and influence of stakeholders, which lays the foundation of the future strategies. In the strategy creation and choice part, there are several strategic options available for manager making a reasonable decision to choose congruent methods. Next, the strategy implementation involves the ensuring that chosen strategies are actually put into action. ââ€" Strategic Planning Process model (Hill and Jones, 2004) Evaluation of Strategic Marketing Models in Fashion Industry The figure shows that there are five major processes of the Hill and Jones’ model: selecting the corporate mission and goals; analyzing the organization’s external competitive environment to identify opportunities and threats; analyzing the organization’s internal operating environment to identify the organization’s strengths and weaknesses; Selecting strategies that build on the organization’s strengths and correct its weaknesses in order to take advantage of external opportunities and counter external threats, which should be consistent with the mission and major goals of the organization; implementing the strategies (Hill and Jones, 2004). Analysis of Comparison and Evaluation From the description of the processes of two models, it could be found that there is a difference in process between Johnson and Scholes’ model and Hill and Jones’ model. In this part, evaluation would be concluded by case analysis. In Johnson and Scholes’ model, they prefer to analyses the impact on strategy of the external environment, external elements (resources and competences) and the expectations and influence of stakeholders before  choosing a congruent strategy between several options. Take Metersbonwe Group as an example, the company, which was created by President and Founder, Zhou Chenjian in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, in 1995, is a listed company specialized in casual wear apparel designing, manufacturing and retailing,  playing its role as a leading casualwear apparel company (Shiwei and Hengjing, 2011). It had achieved great success in past several years. To extend their business, Metersbonwe had a new strategy to imitate the fashion model, which was i nitiated by Zara. In the market process, the company made an analysis of it internal and external environment. However, they had an imprecise market prediction of fashion trend, which made the company’s sales not as expected thus increasing company’s inventory in the dynamic market. According to China Scope Financial (2011), as of September 30, 2011, Metersbonwe’s inventory value was CNY 2.98 billion, 83% of its net asset and although Metersbonwe’s cash flow in the third quarter of 2011 became positive for the first time since the third quarter of 2010, the growth of its income and profit has slowed down. One of the main characters of Zara’s fast fashion model is that in the rapid supply chain maintaining low inventories of this model is the basis for profit (Maolijief, 2012). On contrary, the Metersbonwe had committed a fatal error in their process of strategy choice, declining inventory rate and slowing operation time many times. In fashion industry, high inventory each retention day means devaluation (Maolijief, 2012). In addition, on account of the management of the Metersbonwe, the positioning issues were all important for Metersbonwe when it is confronted with the high inventory crisis and decline of their brand image. The external environment offered the threat and ever-growing competition from other brand such as Semir. Its strong Apparel brand and existing consumer group were key advantages for  defending its position. In the dynamic market, especially in the fashion market, which is undergoing a myriad of changes in the twinkling of an eye,  if the company made an inappropriate strategic option and could not change to cope with the unpredictable situation in their process of strategy, they would turn from a success into a failure while proces s of strategy planning is essential. In contrast, in Hill and Jones’ model, analysis of organization’s external competitive environment and the organization’s internal operating environment are followed by a clear mission. The UK fashion brand Burberry will suffice to illustrate this point. Burberry started a new strategy after appointing Rosie Marie Bravo in 1997 as chief executive, which has made Burberry from boom. In the new strategy, Rosie Marie Bravo (CEO) set a mission to reposition the Burberry’s brand by selecting the corporate mission and goals, which could be regarded as the first step of Hill and Jones’ model. Burberry’s goals were to rebuilt Burberry brand image, to keep the traditional consumer base as well as attract a new, more fashion forward client base by regaining control over distribution and taking back the power over design and product development. In the process of analyzing the company’s external competitive environment, Burberry made a decision of opening a flagship store on New Bond Street in London, competing with stores such as Gucci, Versace, Prada and Chanel by placing itself on the level of these luxury fashion brands. Besides, Burberry’s fashion shows in Milan, as other luxury fashion brands usually do, was a congruent approach to draw the fashion media’s attention and to enjoy media  coverage, thus empower itself highly competitive in international fashion market. The next process after selecting the mission was analyzing the internal situation such as their narrow scope of customers and lacking of controlling design and product distribution, then Burberry made a strategy to establish six new brand levels under his direction and incorporated several alternative fashion directions previously ignored thus leading Burberry to attract majority of the potential consumers. With these new brands extending their range varying from traditional menswear to womenswear, children’s apparel, and accessories, Burberry could cope with their weaknesses of narrow scope of customers to achieve their mission. In  addition, Burberry made a plan to renegotiate with these foreign companies that the licenses previously endorsed. In this way, Burberry enabled itself to overcome company’s internal design and distribution disadvantages. In the fourth steps, Burberry took a new strategy in three aspects, according to the company’s mission and analysis of both internal and external situation to turnaround Burberry: plenty of approaches to marketing and rebranding; controlling product design and manufacture; changing distribution policy. After the implementation of the new strategy, Burberry achieved considerable improvement in its financial performance, showing a profit increase of 630 per cent between the years of 2000 and 2003 and constructing itself as a fashion luxury brand. The Burberry case demonstrates the characters and significance of every process in Hill and Jones’ model. Although, Hill and Jones’ model has its limitations as well as merits, just as Katja Kanngiesser (2004) pointed out that traditional strategy process paid much attention on analysis, reason and period of stability and presume that based on their analysis they could make reliable future prediction. Hill and Jones (2004) admitted that valuable strategies often emerge from deep within the organization without previous planning. Furthermore, other researchers hold the opinion that the real world is unpredictable and they doubt the role that lower-level managers could play in the management process (Gavetti, Levinthal, and Rivkin) Conclusion This essay presents two generalizable model of firm strategy in the fashion market and illustrates model with two cases. From the analysis of two kinds of strategy process model in company cases, it could be concluded that Hill and Jones’ model has an advantage over Johnson and Scholes’ model by virtue of analysing of Metersbonwe and Burberry while Johnson and Scholes’ model and Hill and Jones’ model have many similarities in the process of strategy model. Both Johnson and Scholes’ model and Hill and Jones’ model have its limitations as well as merits. Bibliography Andrew, M. Pettigrew. (1992), The Character and Significance of Strategy Process Research. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 13, Special Issue: Fundamental Themes in Strategy Process Research (Winter, 1992), pp.5-16 Christopher M. Moore, Birtwistle G. (2004), The Burberry business model: creating an international luxury fashion brand, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 32 Issue: 8 pp. 412 – 422 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. (2005),†Bravo† for Burberry: From bust to boom – creating a luxury fashion brand, Strategic Direction, Vol. 21 Issue: 1 pp. 22 – 24 Eeasey, M. (2009) Fashion Marketing, Oxford: Wiley Blackwell G. Gavetti, D. Levinthal, and J. W. Rivkin. (2005), Strategy Making in Novel and Complex Worlds: The Power of Analogy, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 26: pp.691–712. Hill, C. & Jones, G. (2004) Strategic Management Theory, New York: Houghton Mifflin. Johnson G. & Scholes K. (1999) Exploring Corporate Strategy, Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall. Kanngiesser, K (2006) The Strategy Process in Dynamic Markets. Diploma Thesis, European Business School Evaluation of Strategic Marketing Models in Fashion Industry Shiwei X, Hengjing L. (2011), Constructing core competencies of virtual enterprise with information technology a case study of Metersbonwe Fashion & Accessories Co., Ltd. Business Management and Electronic Information (BMEI), 2011 International Conference on 13-15 May 2011, Vol. 1: pp.456–459. China Scope Financial, (2011). Metersbonwe Faces High Inventory Pressure. [online] Available at: http://www.chinascopefinancial.com/news/post/1736.html [Accessed 27 December 2011]. Maolijief, (2012). Metersbonwe brand clothing high inventory problem analysis. [online] Available at: http://mens-clothes-online.tm96.net/20120724/metersbonwe-brand-clothin g-high-inventory-problem-analysis-2.html [Accessed 24 July 2011].

Promote Person Centred Approaches Essay

1.1 Person centred planning (PCP) should encompass every aspect of a service users support. Effective PCP is designed to ensure that the individual’s needs are always central when creating an effective support plan. Aspects such as an individuals goals, history, communication requirements, likes, dislikes and personal preferences should all be dutifully incorporated to create a fair, effective and unique care plan. For example, we have to respect the choices of the User. If the spiritual believes could appear not adequate for us, doesn’t mean that we are right and they are wrong. We need to do everything we can for help to promote adequate and good care for this user respecting their choices, independence and privacy. 1.2 The Care Plan is our bible. It provide all the information we need to provide the care  that the Users desire. The person is at the centre of our work, this mean we need plan and let the person to maintain their independent. Care Plans need to be review regularly to fulfil the individuals needs. Using effective care plans that apply person centres values provides the service user the chance to create a plan that it directly linked to their values and needs. Nobody likes to feel as though a generic method of care is applied when considering his or her support needs. Everyone is unique with requirements that relate exclusively to them 2.3 It is important to remain flexible when considering a service users support needs. An individual will always be changing and growing so it is important that this is reflected within their care plan. For example when I have previously supported NP goals relating to his ability to gain confidence whilst walking outside had to be met in a way that made the goal attainable. At first a goal of independent walking had been included within his IPP however any strict detail as to why and how this were to be most effectively achieved had to be assessed whilst communicating with him during our 1:1 support sessions. It turned out hat this goal was advised so that he could gain the confidence to go to work independently  without the need to get a life from his relative. As we would commonly visit the supermarket we created a method whereby the journey to the local supermarket was broken into segments where he would walk independently, slowly managing a further and further distance each week. Had I said that he should walk the entire journey by himself without breaking it down into manageable steps this goal would have not been completed. Therefore the effective completion of this goal was only attained through the needs of the individual being met on a personal level. 3.1 Mental capacity can be a complicated and ever adapting benchmark when assessing a person’s ability to do what is best for themselves. People must always be allowed to make mistakes as this will always be an inalienable human right of any individual. Ensuring that people do not put themselves or anyone else in direct  and immediate danger is the reason behind why the mental capacity act has been created. Factors such as anxiety and tiredness can affect an individuals ability to express consent which is reflective of their true needs. When a care plan is created it is always best to do it at a time and place where a service user feels relaxed and able to express their needs in a manner that is in alignment with their true feelings. For example at time times when I have supported ES he has been unable to convey a true account of his feelings due to being anxious at the time. If this is the case it is best for ES to spend some time doing relaxation exercises so that he can effectively participate in the design of his IPP. 3.3 For example when we admin Medications Stop any other activities we are doing, check and read all the information we have (care plan, MAR chart, blister pack †¦ ) Log in the LogBook. If anything happen, report immediately to line manager, inform the user and report it in the LogBook. If consent cannot be readily established an assessment of the persons capacity would need to be carried out. Firstly it would have to be considered that the individual understands what they are being asked to do, why they are being asked to do it and to what the concequences of their  choices may be. It is worth considering if they are relaxed, tired or preoccupied at this time. It can be beneficial to implement relaxation exercises to try and calm down a service user or even getting in touch with their family to ensure that their needs are fully met. If they are putting themselves or anyone else in immediate danger it can at points be necessary to contact emergency services depending on the severity of the situation. However this should always remain a the last option available when trying to diffuse a situation. 4.1 Encouraging people to do as much as possible for themselves , settings goals and task. Listening and acknowledging someone strengths and weakness. Allow individuals time to think and evolve in what they want to do. Recognising achievements however big or small they have made. If they cannot understand or make decisions by their self, the next of kin will be informed and asked. The order usually is spouses, parents, children (this may change) 5.3 Risk assessments are a vital part to an individuals care plan. It ensures that they will not be putting themselves or anyone else in danger. Whilst being an important part of any care plan they should remain as non invasive as possible to ensure that a service users retains the right to make their own choices. Certain risk assessments will contain a higher risk factor than others. It is when risks such as crossing road in a dangerous manner are enacted that the service users choice can become secondary to the fact that they are putting themselves in immediate danger. Risk factors such as ones that relate to dietary factors often have a smaller risk factor making it more possible to fully involve the service user in the decision making process when trying to effectively manage the risk in question. 5.4 Ensuring they have the correct information and know when these decision were made on their behalf. Inform them of the rights that they have. Assisting on searching of more information which that may help them make their decisions. If they would  like to make a complaint, inform them the Company policy and help them in  making the complaint if necessarily 6.1 : Personal Identity is the way we see our self and is related to our self image. This is important because it we will affect the way we feel about our self ( self esteem ) Personal Identity includes: Who we are What make us unique What are our values Physical identity Internal Identity Personals Goals 6.2 Those can be very different for different reasons but everyone can reach a good level of fulfilment. For someone could be physical or mental health. Is important that everyone knows this fact because will improve well-being and therefore our level or care. For example one person is important be eating a health meal or for another is not important. Or for an individual is important go to church but for other is more appealing watching a TV show. 6.3 When supporting an individual it is important to make sure that you can meet their needs in a way that promotes their sense of identity, self-image and self-esteem. When I have supported MC he has explained about how he has felt unfairly treated at work. This was mainly due to his lack of career progression as well a request for a transfer not being met, although having been promised. To help with this we constructed an information leaflet about his condition, which we gave to his employers so that they were fully aware of how to best interact with him. I also started communicating with his employer about getting a transfer to a branch that was closer to where he lived. As a result of this he has now been transferred closer to where he lives as well as feeling more valued as an employee. This has helped with develop his self-identity and self image through an increased sense of self worth as well as helping to improve his self-esteem. 7.1 A Risk Assessment will be done depending on the circumstances and surrounding. Like if the user live in the community or live in a care home. The risks are different in those scenarios and different actions need to be taken for make the living area safe. Risk assessments help decipher whether an individual needs 1:1 support or 2:1 support. They can also allow health  care professionals to implement safeguarding techniques to guarantee that the service user will not come into harm. This can include procedures such as giving individuals location devices if they are prone to wondering of whilst not being fully aware of their actions amongst many other advantageous practices to ensure the individuals safety. 7.2 The purpose of risk assessment is to eliminate any risk that may cause harm or loss to both service user and carer worker. However, in relation to the service user is important to remember their human rights are respected. For example the right to choose. If they are assessed also for a Mental Health Capacity and the outcome show that they are able to decide they are allow to make unwise or eccentric decisions. However it is important to identify the risk or possible outcomes, inform the Service User which will support to make a decision that will possibly involve taking some risks. 7.3 : Everyone’s circumstances could change over time in better or worse. Is important to identify any furthers changes or risks so the care plan can reflect the person immediate needs. Also people opinions and what they wants may change. Is important to keep the â€Å"person centred care approach† in mind all the times and during reviews. Also keep in mind our duty of care. the goal of effective support is help empower service users to the point where they feel able to lead an independent and rewarding life. As this is the goal of any support provider they must be aware that for one to achieve this they need to learn to manage the risks that they are subjected to in an independent manner. Therefore as a person grows and develops towards a heightened state of independence it is important to let them take control of their own lives and that means realising that risks that they may have formerly posed a threat to their well being will be withdrawn as they will know how to autonomously manage these hazards themselves.

Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay Essays

Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay Essays Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay Essay Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay Essay Introduction The essay shall research and analyze the theoretical underpinnings and cardinal elements of critical societal work. The history shall so depict appraisal in societal work pattern contexts and see how critical societal work theories like Marxism, Feminism, Radical Social work and Post Modernism have shaped pattern. A scope of values runing from personal, professional, institutional, organizational or bureau, political, spiritual and cultural necessarily characteristic and must be dealt with in pattern. Over and above this lies the societal justness, emancipatory docket vehicle by anti-oppressive attacks. Empathy is required and the societal worker must be in the clients places ( Egan, 1998 ) . Theoretical bases and attacks enable practicians to traverse societal divides and be with the client in a supportive manner in an accountable and ethical mode. Vast energy must be invested to chase away and dispute both the personal and the structural dominant forces of oppressive patterns. The writer shall try to show how theories have shaped the response approaches to serve bringing and contributed to professional pattern. Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks The outgrowth of Socialism, Marxism, Liberalism and Conservativism shaped the emerging social professions at the bend of the 20th century wholly and reshaped the mode in which life was understood. How the societal, political, economic shaped that world became core in gestating world and the manner worlds reacted to the universe around them. In most instances socially constructed worlds could be explained through the stuff worlds if one was to look at the universe through a Marxist position. The 1960-70s reading of societal jobs, described as the rediscovery of poorness . Marxist rules understood the universe as socially divided by category, rendering some categories more susceptible to poverty than others as economically determined by holding no control of the agencies of production. Marxist theory locates category battle as a agency of righting this sort of socio-economic instability and the inequality The nucleus elements in this stage were manners of production and power, the eq uality that came with the bundle and the desire for alteration, societal alteration could merely be achieved through category battle. The human place could therefore be understood as driven and controlled by the external, in this instance the hapless as the laden group desired alteration. Social work s function involves working with people s lives, societal jobs centred on poorness and disadvantage and the nucleus concern involves set uping balance, societal stableness and societal justness. Intervention without disputing societal exclusion, inequality and poorness has proved to be deficient yet traditional societal work pathologised the person. At the early stages societal work was more about keeping public order and stamp downing civil agitation and category battle instead than acquiring down to the nucleus issues of poorness relief and disputing the beginnings and grounds for the differences that affected the people. Norms of behavior and life style for the people were determined by the eligibility standard as the beneficiary elements of philanthropic intercessions more than rights driven determiners. Extremist societal work emerged to instil that it was in fact a political activity. Social work should be about back uping those in demand, disputing inequality and societal alteration, non societal control covering with material worlds. With extremist societal work emerged the community component in societal work, witting raising attack, gradual incremental alteration in the procedure and oppositional activism. As the profession developed critical societal work begins to understand oppressive forces and work to retrace power instabilities ( Thompson, 2007 ; Dominelli, 1988 ; Braye and Preston-Shoot Extremist societal work had been excessively minimalistic and was criticised for over concentrating on category and paying no attending to other signifiers of inequalities. Bhatti- Sinclair ( 2011 ) argues that social workers remain committed to human rights, moralss and values and continuously seek a sharper apprehension of how to use theoretical constructs found in cosmopolitan human-centered rules, professional moralss and national jurisprudence, policy and process . ( twelve ) Inclusivity and citizenship are the chief marks in critical societal work pattern as opposed to sing people as corporate groups ( Glaister, 2008 ) . Anti-oppressive pattern thereby pursues societal justness and challenges pattern favoritism and subjugation bluffly. Battle with societal world must affect critiquing of societal systems and constructions, and set platforms for societal alteration and difference. The attack has an ethical committedness to societal justness by exposing inequalities and disputin g unequal power kineticss in society. The mode in which society maps has constructions that can either oppress or emancipate some societal groups. As the practician works, there is doubtless the challenge of professionally compliant. Social Work Practice Approaches Critical societal work pattern at all times engages with how other people on the other societal, cultural, spiritual divide are understood by us. Understanding diverseness and how personal positions and values are located must be a changeless brooding professional committedness. Personal or social perceptual experiences are shaped over clip or driven by historical and socio-political realities/environments must be understood. Where stereotypes have been shaped over clip in persons ; a professional operational base must be adopted. Braye, S A ; Preston-Shoot, M ( 2003 ) dispute hypocritical professionalism by reasoning that personal values and attitudes will ever be at that place, the issue is that they should non impact effectual service bringing. This is the bosom of critical societal work pattern ; being able to exceed the personal and being a professional. Social work can dispute or keep position quo and that societal workers are invested with power to care and command. In the context of what shall be discussed subsequently about appraisals, Braye A ; Preston-Shoot ( 2003 ) province that, Preparation for and reappraisal of pattern requires workers to understand themselves, their relationship with and impact on others, and their strengths and failings in relation to keeping a professional function ( 2003:135 ) . Respect is necessary both when working with service users and fellow co-workers. As explored in Thompson s theoretical account Personal computers, Social work must research the personal, cultural and structural dimensions of favoritism, and how these come together, and can be challenged in different ways ( Dominelli, 2009 ) . Social work must non reenforce subjugation, favoritism or any inequality. Social work can reenforce patriarchal and other oppressive systems and power dealingss. There are societal worlds that societal work either challenges reinforce, statistically cultural minority groups by and large experience higher rates of unemployment, live in poorer lodging, have poorer wellness, lower degrees of academic accomplishment, higher rates of exclusions from schools and are over-represented in prison statistics. Families who are from black and cultural minority groups are more likely to be referred to kids s societal work services, receive support services subsequently, and kids are more likely to travel into the attention system. There are other signifiers of bias, inequality and favoritism which can cross, and these can impact people in many different ways. In visible radiation of these nonsubjective worlds, what could be the drivers of such worlds? What thoughts are generated about the societal group and how could this impact on a practician s opinion when covering with an person from BME groups. The same applies when working with Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children, consciousness of professional duty and a societal justness attack when carry oning an age appraisal must be the pattern base. The Human rights and kid rights must be suitably accorded without favoritism. Another illustration is that of female parent blaming in a kid protection instances. Feminist theory has challenged this gendered attack to job work outing where the female is largely at the Centre of the job yet ignores the work forces from the societal causal matrix. As a consequence of critical societal work a displacement has developed where the whole domestic environment and people must be portion of the issue at manus. If all are non challenged this pattern reinforces the involvements of some groups over others and oppresses adult females. Assessment Procedure Middleton ( 1997 ) describes appraisal as portion of the planning docket affecting assemblage and construing information in order to understand a individual and their fortunes. It involves doing opinions based on information. ( Middleton, 1997:5 ) . The procedure here involves regard for the person s values, their nucleus individuality and opinions are made without being judgemental. Selective and stereotyped considerations must be avoided, labelling and categorizing people and overlooking their individualism and can let elements of favoritism to pervade the procedure which must otherwise non be affected by single values and positions. As argued by Clifford ( 1998 ) it is of import that societal workers check their single prejudices and guarantee that these do non impact the mode in which they undertake appraisals. In direct nexus with critical societal work, appraisals must be informed by critical theory to heighten a balanced, merely and anti-oppressive appraisal procedure. Personal positions held by the societal worker must non busy any infinite in the appraisal procedure for the interest of justness, just entree to services anti-discriminatory pattern. Parker and Bradley ( 2005 ) argue that a balanced attack of an assessment involves wisdom, accomplishments, grasp of diverseness and consistently applied cognition in direct pattern. Service users must experience that they benefit from the appraisal procedure for it to be effectual ( Addock, 2001 ) and the societal worker and household members must jointly lend to the procedure. This engagement enriches the procedure and eliminates subjective attacks to the appraisal. Social work pattern and critical attacks intersect ; the worker must be witting of their personal beliefs and values and strike a responsible, ethical and professional balance in the mode the appraisal and intercession is conducted and be honest and expressed with service users. ( Parker A ; Bradley, 2005: 7 ) . Extensive cognition of the service user s environmental and living systems and the wider systems that impinge on them must be cardinal determiners in appraisals ( Parker A ; Bradley 2005:13 ) .Service user engagement is authorising and demonstrates citizenship and self driven duty as human worth. Understanding power kineticss in appraisals Power dealingss inherent in the societal work procedure must be carefully managed and guarantee a balanced contributory attack whereby an exchange theoretical account would can follow to admit that the service users are experts of their state of affairss. Service users and societal workers exchange thoughts, information and ways forward to do a difference and happen alternate ways of nearing as corporate spouses ( Parker A ; Bradley, 2005:14 ) . In footings of accomplishments this involves actively listening to service users being available for them, a professional and non-judgemental or non directing attack, consecutive and honorable talk and societal justness chase. ( Parker A ; Bradley, 2005 ) . Child centred appraisals must be informed by kid development theories, ecological attacks, guaranting equality of chance, engagement of households and an interagency attack ensures corporate originative intercessions. When working with unaccompanied refuge seeking kids for illustration, Culturegrams aid in analyzing the impact of civilization in the lives of those persons and households being assessed ( Parker A ; Bradley, 2005:50-53 ) . This can be really utile when working with BME groups every bit good as refugees and refuge searchers in a broader context. Valuess of the households and persons are explored and these aid determine the nature of the intercession where the single shapes the class of the intercession as opposed to it being driven by the powerful professionals. Multiculturalism and societal work Multiculturalism is a twenty-first Century challenge as citizenship acknowledgment and integrating a modern society feature. Critical multiculturalism suggests that societal workers need to intellectually prosecute with the issues of difference and citizenship, in a mode that detaches pattern from monoculturalist norms ( Powell, 2001:146 ) . Social workers are practically challenged to interrogate the value premises of their attack and assess rules and values they use in pattern. If societal workers are to avoid narrative repression, they need to be capable of disputing dianoetic hierarchies of intending in their pattern . ( Powell, 2001:146 ) . This becomes the automatic constituent in the intercession. This involves disputing the really systems that they use and anteroom for the alteration in structural elements that could be suppressing the really people they would be working with. Feminist societal work engages in righting gender inequalities, this could be the female parent faulting attitude that it challenges. Critical societal work engages a demand for consciousness by practicians, a transmutation of cultural attitudes around race dealingss, homosexual rights and the relationship between gender, civilization and power and of the demand for anti-discriminatory pattern ( Powell, 2001:149 ) . In order to run into the professional demands of the profession, societal workers must seek counsel and shut the spread between personal values and professional pattern. This must do changeless mention to human rights, equality, favoritism and racism ( Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011 ) . Fook ( 2000 ) argues that adept critical societal workers are able to make critical cognition which challenges and resists all signifiers of domination. Anti-racist pattern Dominelli ( 2008 ) points out that anti-racist pattern beyond that presented in Thompson s ( 2007 ) PCS theoretical account by underscoring on its interactive nature. For Dominelli ( 2008 ) racism is a multidimensional signifier of subjugation over and above favoritism Institutional and Cultural racism are structurally associated and viewed as less immorality than the personal racism which society scowls upon, yet the is no better racism. If practicians manus over duty of BME issues to BME staff this may be debatable as it may ensue in a deficiency of duty by white societal workers to anti-racist pattern and reinforce difference. Institutional patterns must be professionally compliant ( Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011:128 ) at their ain degree. Treatment of black families/children hits them every twenty-four hours and there are challenges that the societal workers have to cover with in the face of these ingrained stereotyped positions of the good white household and the bad black household. Dominelli ( 2008 ) argues that challenging how white people perceive black households is merely possible within positive swearing relationships. Mobile colonists fall into the same class where as the minority cultural groups where stereotyped premises exist that can act upon the societal work procedure. To work with persons on the autistic spectrum requires cognition and apprehension of autism. Knowledge of the status s features, the basic apprehension of the three of damages is necessary for usage in the societal work procedure. The persons must non be viewed as unwilling to prosecute due their limited societal interaction accomplishments but must be understood and appropriate communicating systems used. For illustration, alternatively of speaking through an appraisal ; image boards, games of their involvement, familiar environments and utilizing their preferable manner of communicating would assist to affect them, prosecute them and take a possible stereotyped position that they can non do determinations. If this procedure does non affect them, the likeliness is that anti-oppressive pattern would hold been failed. Good pattern recognises individualism and this permeates through the societal work procedure. Assessment procedure in pattern The writer s work experience with a 40 twelvemonth old autistic adult male in Coventry stands as a alone illustration of the complexness of service user engagement and creativeness aimed at raising the degree of positive results in reexamining a attention program. The lone established entree point for his parts was when he was off from place, on the coach. During any travel by coach, he livened up and opened up, expressed his positions about the service he was having and it was the best clip to measure the support attention program, colloquially in a coach. Working around the person s universe helped the societal attention supplier to make out to the really of import demands that an office based appraisal could non accomplish. The coach environment had no powerful/powerless unequal binary moral force in it. It was his comfort zone. Failure to recognize single likes, compulsions and centripetal issues in autistic persons can impede the societal work procedure. Effective appraisals can merely be accomplishable when the service user is located at the Centre of the procedure by usage of attacks that promote societal alteration and justness. Challenging favoritism in pattern Childs are frequently described as vulnerable, guiltless, in demand of protection and missing experience. If non carefully approached the kid may be sidelined from the appraisal procedure and overshadowed by grownup thoughts. If it is about abuse in the place, it is the kid s experience and non the grownup s experience that must take precedency with the kid as the expert. The Scating Report emphasised the demand to see the universe through the eyes of the kid . The function of the societal worker in pattern is to dispute favoritism, exclusion of socially excluded groups like kids. Childs have been looked at as topics and the critical attack locates them as able to determine and voice. Failure to recognize kids and the societal worker s comparatively powerful place practicians reinforce subjugation. The critical practician engages service users to ease the relation of their narratives in the appraisal procedure. Law is used to counter oppressive pattern and sets out operational parametric quantities for professionals to cover with racism and be cognizant that favoritism is improper ( Race dealingss Act 1976 A ; Equality Act 2006, Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011 ) .To overcome the pattern challenge, societal workers have looked up to anti-racist advocators for counsel on methods and theoretical accounts which respond ethically, efficaciously and expeditiously to day-to-day challenges and quandary ( Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011 ) . Training and bing regulative organic structures like the HCPC enable pattern to be justness based by necessitating professionalism by the work force through conformity and counsel. The Professional capablenesss Framework requires the worker to Recognise and pull off the impact on people of the power invested in your function ( PCF 33 ) and criterions of proficiency calls on the demand to recognise the power kineticss in relationships with service users and carers and be able to pull off those kineticss suitably ( SoPS 2.8 ) . Formalised appraisals assistance in shooting consistence Crisp et Al ( 2005 ) argues that the absence of a formalistic appraisal model consequences in subjective appraisals. Professionally trained and skilled workers heighten a just appraisal. Appraisals must non merely look at behavior, but besides the cause of the behavior in a holistic manner in order to do right opinions and this is achieved through service user engagement in the procedure. Milner A ; Byr ne, ( 2002 ) posit that the appraisal there is demand for mapping before be aftering the appraisal journey. This involves cognizing the kid, prosecuting them and pulling their strengths in order to determine appropriate support ( Dominelli A ; Payne, 2002 ) . Engagement Effective anti-racist, anti-oppressive pattern must be drawn from pattern intelligence, applied research and service users involvement. Empowering pattern has an engagement and integrating constituent as opposed to exclusion pattern attacks by deficiency of appropriate linguistic communication and civilization consciousness ( Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011 ) .Structurally, good planned and coordinated appraisals and intercessions involve the service user and must react sensitively to their demands. Awareness of our ain biass and past experiences and thoughts must be non-threatening to clients ( Lindsay, 2010 ) .Interactive polarization between the societal worker and client can sabotage societal work effectiveness whereupon households and persons are pathologised either as unapproachable or immune. Positive communicating enhances the relationship edifice ( Kaprowska 2010:5 ) which is the key to an accurate appraisal. Persons with disablements frequently argue that societal workers appraisals of them emphasise more on damage and less on being seen as human, alternatively appraisals must research their single abilities. In add-on when working with persons who use minority linguistic communications it can go a barrier for an accurate appraisal hence the demand to be after appraisals for these persons with full consciousness of this cardinal communicating component in order to guarantee the service user s engagement. This could be necessitated by transcribers or minority linguistic communication talking societal workers. Similarly, when working with the aged, appraisals must observe abilities and non reenforce ageist stereotypes, shared power and agreed way rule. Decision The construct of critical pattern locates the societal worker as an active participant in a procedure of construing and understanding relationships and communicating that must cut across difference. Over and above premises, biass, personal beliefs, structural models ; the critical practician must be automatic and engaged in an empowering manner whilst being cognizant of personal and socio-cultural beginnings and belief systems and disputing all signifiers of subjugation. Appropriate accomplishments and knowledge must be incorporated for the societal work procedure to be effectual.